This open access book shares insights into the fundamental problem on accurately identifying the wave loads on offshore structures, which is a cornerstone of engineering for safety and longevity. However, this critical task has long been hampered by the complex nature of real ocean environments. Traditional methods, which rely on known wave conditions and simplified models, fail to account for the disturbed wave fields caused by the structures themselves and the seabed. Moving beyond conventional limitations, this book presents a suite of advanced techniques and a cohesive theoretical framework for the effective identification and monitoring of wave loads, offering vital insights for engineers and researchers navigating the challenges of offshore dynamics.