"[A] must-read primer for anyone caring for or about children." -Nadine Burke Harris, MD, MPH, FAAP, author of The Deepest Well: Healing the Long-Term Effects of Childhood Adversity The fully revised and updated new edition expands on the important work of the first edition, which challenged pediatricians to rethink their approach to practice. It continues to call on those who care for children not only to recognize the events and environment children experience in early childhood as crucial to their health and well-being throughout their lives but to intervene-with patients, their families, the community, and local and national policy-to promote the most positive developmental trajectories. This edition builds on the momentum of the evolving science, bringing an enhanced focus on the health-promoting role of positive childhood experiences. A new chapter provides a full analysis of the science around these experiences and the crucial role of the "affiliate" response to stress. This foundational text has been updated to reflect the latest developments in science and society in this rapidly changing field.