The book introduces the concept of using nanotechnology to support and restore natural ecosystems. It explains how tiny materials and devices can be designed to work like parts of nature, helping to solve problems related to energy, pollution, soil health, and climate change. The book begins by defining what nano-ecosystems are and the principles behind engineering them. It then discusses the practical applications, such as using nanomaterials for energy harvesting and storage, creating bio-inspired structures, and developing nanosensors for environmental monitoring. Other chapters explore how nanotechnology can help in improving soil quality, capture carbon emissions, manage waste, and support biodiversity. The later sections look at the use of artificial intelligence in managing these systems, modelling them at different scales, and considering the ethical and social aspects of their use. The book ends with a discussion on the challenges and future directions of this field. This book is a useful resource for students, researchers, and professionals in life sciences, environmental science, nanotechnology, and sustainability.