This book provides a comprehensive insight into health disparities in both the United States and China. It offers valuable perspectives on public health and policy through an examination of the spatial, social, and environmental dimensions of health disparities. Through comparative analysis of two distinct healthcare systems, economic conditions, and cultural contexts, the book offers a thorough assessment of how policies and social structures influence public health outcomes. It examines factors such as socioeconomic status, social capital, community, social and physical environments, healthcare systems, and health policies. The book adopts an interdisciplinary approach, drawing on key theoretical frameworks such as socio-ecological model, social determinants of health (SDOH), and social capital theory. It integrates geospatial, statistical, and survey analyses and includes a series of case studies to explore health disparities. This book will be of interest to students and researchers in medical geography, medical sociology, and public health, as well as professionals and policy makers who address spatial, social, and environmental disparities.