Studies collected in this volume investigate selected issues in contemporary philosophy of language and philosophy of literature. Individual authors concentrate on philosophy of fiction and discuss fictional worlds and fictional characters. They also present different approaches to translation theory, and metaphor theory (both classical and conceptual). Other chapters address the issues of figurativeness and poetic language, apply the principles of cognitive poetics to analyse different types of texts, and provide cognitive approaches to abstraction in visual and verbal art, also to the categories of similarity and difference in perception and language. The analysed authors include Wallace Stevens, Rae Armantrout, Ernest Hemingway and David Lodge.