The ecology of a region is determined by external as well as internal factors. External factors include the climate patterns and the geographical relief of a region. Internal factors are the flora and fauna that habitat an ecosystem. Ecological functioning also depends on physical, chemical, biological and anthropogenic processes. Long-term sustainability and propagation of biodiversity are the main goals of any ecological system. The extensive contents of this book provide the readers with a thorough understanding of the subject. It will be of great help to students and researchers in the fields of systems ecology, ecosystem management and biological diversity.