This comprehensive and authoritative reference presents the state-of-the-art computational methods applied to the field of neurosurgery. The book brings together leading neuroscientists, neurosurgeons, mathematicians, computer scientists, engineers, ethicists and lawyers, to open the new frontier of computational neurosurgery to a broad audience interested in the translational field of the application of computational models, such as deep learning, to the study of the brain and the practical applications of neurosurgery. The focus is primarily clinical, and there is a solid foundation of research aspects. With forewords by Michael L.J. Apuzzo and Enrico Coiera, the book is organized into 2 sections: (1) tenets of computational modeling, artificial intelligence, computational analysis, and analysis software; (2) computational neurosurgery applications, including neurodiagnostics, neuro-oncology, vascular neurosurgery, all the neurosurgical disciplines, surgical approaches, intraoperative applications, and ethics and legal aspects.